Chemical peel: what it is and how it is classified
Quick facts
- Definition
- Application of a chemical agent that causes controlled exfoliation of layers of the skin.
- Classification
- Superficial, medium and deep, according to the depth reached.
- Usual indications
- Spots, texture, acne, signs of photoaging, at the professional's discretion.
- Precautions
- Strict sun protection, assessment of skin type and consent about the risks.
A chemical peel is the application of a substance to the skin to cause controlled exfoliation of layers, followed by regeneration. The goal is to improve texture, evenness of tone and signs of aging from sun exposure. It is a dermatologic and aesthetic procedure that often appears in the routine of those who work with the face, and it is frequently combined with harmonization.
How is a peel classified?
The most common classification is by the depth the agent reaches in the skin.
| Type | Layer reached | What is usually sought | Recovery time |
|---|---|---|---|
| Superficial | Epidermis, part of the stratum corneum | Radiance, texture, mild acne, faint spots | Light peeling, usually a few days |
| Medium | Entire epidermis and papillary dermis | More evident spots, fine lines | Peeling and crusts, days to weeks |
| Deep | Reticular dermis | Marked photoaging | Long recovery, with follow-up |
Depth depends on factors such as concentration, contact time, skin preparation and the number of coats. These parameters belong to the qualified professional's protocol.
What is it used for?
Usual indications include photoaging, acne vulgaris, pigment changes such as melasma and superficial scars. In each case, the choice of agent and depth is individual and made after assessment, according to the rules of their professional council.
A peel does not replace volume. It treats skin quality. Harmonization with fillers and toxin treats structure and dynamics. That is why the two complement each other in many treatment plans, as long as the interval and the condition of the skin are respected.
What are the risks?
- Hyperpigmentation and hypopigmentation: more frequent in darker skin or in patients who are exposed to the sun.
- Infection, including herpes reactivation: ask about a history of recurrent cold sores.
- Contact dermatitis: reaction to the agent or to products used at home.
- Scarring: rare, but possible with medium and deep peels.
- Compromised barrier: the skin barrier is weakened and requires care at home.
How to combine it with harmonization?
Many professionals separate the procedures by an interval, so as not to add inflammation and to attribute any reaction correctly. What to do in each case is a clinical decision. What the patient needs to hear is that exfoliated skin is sensitive, that sunscreen is mandatory and that the result takes patience.
Also known as: peel, chemical exfoliation.
Frequently asked questions
Does a chemical peel hurt?
The sensation varies with the depth and the patient. There is usually stinging with a superficial peel and more discomfort with medium and deep ones, which may call for analgesia and follow-up.
Can I have a peel and filler on the same day?
It depends on the professional's assessment. Inflamed or peeling skin is usually a reason to separate the procedures. The decision is individual.